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Paul Okojie

MBBS, MPH, FWACP, Cert. ( Applied Epidemiology)

Objective

• To answer the following questions:
• What is depression?
• What is the size of the problem?
• What forms/types?
• What are triggers of depression?
• What is the way out?

World Health Day 2017 theme

Why talk about depression?

• It’s a real illness
• A global problem
• A big (emerging) problem in Nigeria
• No one is immune (“it is not my portion”)
• Depression knows no status
• It can be recognized
• Could ruin lives
• Share knowledge for prevention
• A problem shared is half solved

A REAL ILLNESS

• Depression is BEYOND SADNESS
• The World Health Organization recognizes the various forms of depression as real illnesses
• Depression is not weakness of character or imagination
• It’s impossible to just shake your depression off

 

THE DEPRESSED BRAIN

Decreased brain activity with depression

Global burden of depression

Epidemiology

• Men: 5-12%
• Women: 10-25%
• Prevalence 1-2% in elderly
  • 6-10% in Primary Care setting
  • 12-20% in Nursing home setting
  • 11-45% in Inpatient setting
  • >40% of outpatient psychiatry clinic and inpatient. psychiatry
• Peak age of onset 3rd decade of life
• Late-life depression: secondary to vascular etiology

 

Global burden of depression

• Hidden burden, affect about 350 million people around the globe
• It is the leading cause of disability worldwide
• A major contributor to the overall global burden of disease
• Depression can lead to suicide.
• About 800 000 people die due to suicide every year.
• Suicide is the second leading cause of death in 15-29-year-olds

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